Friday 11 May 2018


Cancer drug in the treatment of tuberculosis

The World Health Organization estimates that more than one-quarter of the world's population is currently infected with tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is world’s deadliest infectious diseases. There are various types of drugs are discovered to treat tuberculosis which is cause by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Recently researchers have discovered an FDA-approved drug that has been designed to treat cancer helps to fight against tuberculosis in mouse models. This drug is an MMP inhibitor that designed to increase the structural integrity of blood vessels in tumours so that other drugs can reach inside them. It performs the same function as in the granulomas associated with tuberculosis so that antibiotics can reach the bacteria sheltering within.
                                  
Matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) are naturally produced by animals that break down connective tissue for a wide array of biological processes such as wound repair, growth and tissue development.  An increased in the production of MMPs has been strongly linked to the growth and metastasis of tumours. Many drugs have been created to inhibit MMP production, but have proven largely unsuccessful in the treatments to slow cancer progression in clinical trials.
In a new study, show that these drugs may be more useful in treating tuberculosis. These results show that several MMP inhibitors, including the FDA-approved drug Marimastat, increase the structural integrity of leaky blood vessels in tuberculosis granulomas, allowing antibiotics to penetrate them and attack the tuberculosis pathogens in mice more efficiently.
When M. tuberculosis enters the lungs, the immune system attempts to contain the bacterial colony by forming a cut around it which is called as granuloma. Tuberculosis is one of oldest pathogens. It has evolved a very clever strategy to survive. These granulomas are meant to destroy tuberculosis; the bacteria up regulates host MMPs to remodel the interior part of the granuloma, to gain protection from the immune system and antibiotics.
The M. tuberculosis remains as dormant within these granulomas for decades until something triggers them to become active. Once this get active, the disease becomes contagious again and kills roughly 15 percent of those who reach this stage.

Tuberculosis is extremely difficult to kill even in its active stage, requiring a six-to-nine month regimen of antibiotics. As many people are struggling to stick with treatment for that long time, especially after symptoms have subsided, strains resistant to multiple types of antibiotics are emerging. This is the most important reason to define the ways of curing the diseases.
A number of different types of small molecule MMP inhibitors increased the effectiveness of anti-tuberculosis drugs in killing the infectious disease in mouse models. Since tuberculosis is a most common infectious diseases in today world’s world so its treatment is necessary for the survival of people. Bacterial diseases 2018 help in this field to define a new path for treatment of this type of infections. 


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